The timing matters. Canada aims to double its exports to non-U.S. markets over the next decade, a goal that places fresh weight on Pacific shipping routes and on access to the fast-growing economies of the Indo-Pacific.
"West coast ports like Vancouver have an outsized role to play as Canada looks to double exports to non-U.S. markets over the next 10 years in support of a thriving national economy," said Peter Xotta, president and CEO of the Vancouver Fraser Port Authority.
A Diverse Flow of Cargo
The three ports handle a wide range of Canadian exports, including energy products, grain, potash, forestry products and critical minerals. They also process containerized cargo and imports such as vehicles, manufacturing components and consumer goods.
Their location offers Canada a direct line to Indo-Pacific markets, projected to make up half of global GDP by 2040. Meanwhile, rail and highway links connect the ports to producers and consumers across the country.
Each Gateway Builds Capacity
Vancouver, Canada's largest port, runs 29 major deep-water terminals that handle containers, autos, bulk and breakbulk cargo. The port is also advancing the proposed Roberts Bank Terminal 2 project, which would add significant container capacity along Canada's West Coast.
Prince Rupert has roughly $3 billion in projects underway as it grows into a stronger northern Pacific gateway. President and CEO Kurt Slocombe pointed to several efforts designed to lift capacity and diversify cargo flows, including the CANXPORT and LinX logistics developments, the Ridley Island Energy Export Facility, and new marine berth and rail infrastructure.
"The Port of Prince Rupert will continue to be a key gateway to support Canada's goal of doubling non-US exports," Slocombe said.
Nanaimo, located about 30 nautical miles from Vancouver, operates three deep-water terminals serving container, auto, bulk, breakbulk, cruise and logistics operations. The port is pursuing a larger share of Canada's Pacific trade network.
"As Canada looks to strengthen its trade corridors and expand access to global markets, strategic investments in infrastructure, industrial development and transportation connectivity will be essential," said Nanaimo Port Authority President and CEO Ian Marr.
A Wider Economic Footprint
The report also measured the broader reach of the three gateways and their supply chains. Together, they supported an estimated 152,100 jobs across Canada in 2025, including roughly 61,000 direct jobs held by longshore workers, train engineers, truck drivers and administrative staff. Those positions generated about $13 billion in annual wages and added nearly $25 billion to Canadian GDP.
Trade Tensions Add Urgency
The study lands at a tense moment for Canada's relationship with the United States. Ottawa has long worked to widen trade beyond its largest partner, and recent events have sharpened that need.
Canada and the United States spent the summer negotiating a broader trade agreement, but talks stalled last week after both governments failed to close remaining gaps. The breakdown has since triggered another round of tariffs and planned Canadian retaliation, underscoring how heavily Canada relies on the U.S. market.
For the West Coast ports, this shift could mean considerably more cargo crossing Pacific trade lanes.
"Canada's West Coast ports are a strategic national asset, connecting Canadian businesses to global markets and supporting thousands of family-sustaining jobs," said Mike Leonard, president and CEO of the BC Maritime Employers Association. "As global trade evolves, a stable, reliable waterfront and resilient national supply chains will be essential to unlocking new economic growth, diversifying trade and keeping Canada competitive."
The Economic Impact of West Coast Ports study was prepared by InterVISTAS for the Vancouver, Prince Rupert and Nanaimo port authorities, the BC Maritime Employers Association and the BC Marine Terminal Operators Association.
